| 摘要: |
| 在数据流动问题上，出于维护本国网络空间安全的考虑，俄罗斯制定了世界上最为严密的数据流动限制性政策。在对俄罗斯出台的与贸易相关的数据流动限制措施类别和相关立法进行梳理的基础上，对其形成原因进行了分析。俄罗斯的数据流动限制措施具有 3个典型特征：一是数据输出规则针对“白名单”和“黑名单”对象做出鲜明区分；二是设置严密的互联网准入和监管措施；三是实施严格甚至激进的数据本地化政策。最后根据俄罗斯的相关实践给出了对中国实施数据流动管理的相关政策建议：推进跨境数据流动限制分类管理，减少不必要的数据流动限制；保持网络空间自主可控，非敏感领域适当放宽互联网准入和监管机制；充分发挥中国互联网产业优势，降低数据本地化带来的额外成本。 |
| 关键词: 数字贸易 数据流动 数据本地化 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目:2019年国家社科基金重点项目“数字贸易规则‘美式模板’的演化升级与扩展适用趋向及中国的应对”(项目编号:19AGJ012)；国家自然科学基金委 2019年第 1期应急管理项目“基于维护世界线上市场统一的贸易相关电子商务谈判研究”(项目编号:71941012)；对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“美式数字贸易规则的发展演进及中国的政策选择”(项目编号:ZD3-07)；对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“全球数字贸易治理体系发展趋向及其贸易影响研究”(项目编号:CXTD9-06)。 |
|
| The Research on Russia’s Trade-related Data Flow Restrictive Measures: Its Enlightenment to China |
| ZHOU Nianli,LI Jindong |
|
| Abstract: |
| On the issue of data flow, for the sake of maintaining the security of its own cyberspace, Russia has formulated the world’s most rigorous restrictive policy on data flow. Based on the analysis of the trade-related data flow restriction measures categories and related legislations introduced by Russia, the reasons for their formation are analyzed. This paper analyzes the typical characteristics of Russian data flow restriction measures.First, the data output rules make a clear distinction between whitelist and blacklist objects. The second is to set strict internet access and regulatory measures. The third is to implement strict and even radical data localization policies. Finally, this paper gives relevant inspirations for the implementation of data flow management in China according to relevant Russian practices. China needs to promote classified management of restrictions on cross-border data flow and reduce unnecessary restrictions on data flow. It needs to keep cyberspace autonomous and controllable, and relax internet access and regulation mechanisms in non-sensitive areas. Also China needs to give full play to the advantages of its internet industry and reduce the additional cost of data localization. |
| Key words: digital trade data flow data localization |
