| 摘要: |
| 自世界贸易组织成立之后，传统必要性判断标准被新必要性判断标准所取代。在一系
列案件中，关于措施的“必要性”的判断标准，争端解决机构会先确定保护水平，再
审查是否存在贸易限制较低的合理可用替代措施，并引入权衡概念用以协助判断在合
理情况下，是否可期待世界贸易组织成员实行其他贸易限制程度更低的替代措施。而
权衡时所考虑的因素主要包括该措施对目标的贡献度、该措施的贸易限制程度及希望
保护价值的重要性。 |
| 关键词: 一般例外 必要性检验 必要性判断标准 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目:国家社科基金青年项目“世界贸易组织与区域贸易协定间争端解决机制管辖权冲突与调和研究”（项目编号:
1 3 C F X 1 1 6 ） 。 |
|
| An Empirical Analysis on the New Development of the Necessity Criterionof GATT Article 20 |
| ZENG Wei |
|
| Abstract: |
| After the WTO was established, the traditional criterion of the necessity test was replaced by a new one.
In a series of cases, with regard to“necessity”criteria of measures, the dispute settlement body first determined the
level of protection only after reviewing the existence of lower trade restrictions as reasonably available alternative
measures, and introduced the concept of trade-offs to help determine whether WTO members could be expected to
implement other alternative measures of lower restrictions. The factors to be considered include the contribution of
measures on the target, the restriction degree of the measures and the importance of value desired to be protected |
| Key words: general exceptions necessity test necessity criterion |
